Indian Philosophy and Fundamental Physics

Abstract

This paper explores the philosophical foundations of Advait (absolute non-duality) within Indian philosophy and examines its potential implications for fundamental physics. Advait asserts that reality is fundamentally one and indivisible, challenging the prevailing scientific framework that describes nature in terms of multiple fundamental forces and causal interactions. The paper critiques modern physics for its reliance on experimentally derived concepts such as force, causality, and time, arguing that these constructs may not be fundamental at cosmic scales. While three of the four fundamental forces have been successfully quantized, gravity remains resistant to unification, suggesting limitations in the current causal framework. Drawing inspiration from Advait, the author proposes reformulating fundamental theories of physics without dependence on causality, force, and time, and instead grounding them in mathematically rigorous structures such as four-dimensional manifolds, tensors, curvature, and geodesics as used in general relativity. The work opens new interdisciplinary directions connecting Indian knowledge systems with contemporary research in cosmology, quantum physics, and the foundations of electromagnetism.